Sects and Innovation

• What is the ruling on belonging to sects and schools of thought such as the Hanbali and Shafi'i, and what is the extent of the validity of sufficing with the appellation "Muhammadi" or limiting oneself to Allah's naming us as "Muslims"?
• What is the difference between Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah and other legal schools of thought, and is it permissible for a Sunni girl to marry a man who does not belong to a (Sunni) legal school of thought?
• When does a man exit the Sunnah?
• What is the view on the Ibadi sect, and is it true that Ibn Baz (may Allah have mercy on him) declared them disbelievers, and is it permissible for one of them to lead the prayer?
• How can one distinguish between the claims of the different sects (such as the Ash'aris, Salafis, and Shiites) that each of them is the saved sect and upon the methodology of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and his companions, in order to reach the truth and be certain of it?
• Did Abdullah al-Harari al-Habashi serve Islam or demolish it?
• What is the ruling on marrying someone who follows Mahdawiya and believes that Imam al-Mahdi has already come and gone? And is this belief considered shirk (polytheism) or bid‘ah (innovation)?
• To what extent is the Sacred Hadith, which describes the people of this world and the Hereafter with specific characteristics, authentic?
• How can one distinguish between the sects and groups that claim to be "the Victorious Group" (الطائفة المنصورة) and attribute themselves to Islam, such as the Sufis and Salafis, especially with their multiplicity and the confusion this causes for many people?
• Is there an authentic narration from Ibn Jami' stating that Abu Bakr and Umar attempted to kill the Prophet, upon whom be peace and blessings, which Ibn Hazm relied upon in weakening Ibn al-Walid ibn Jami'?
• What is the difference between Ansar al-Sunnah and Sufism, what is the reason for the disputes between them, and why does each consider the other to be an innovator and astray?
• What is the ruling on one who claims to have seen the Prophet (peace be upon him) while awake, and that the Prophet guaranteed him and authorized him to guarantee whomever he wished, and then attended the Mawlid with the Rightly Guided Caliphs, the Companions, and others?
• Is it necessary for the act of declaring someone an innovator (tabdīʿ) to be done in a scientific manner, such that it is said of a person that he belongs to a specific deviant sect based on his belief in all of its innovations, or in an innovation that distinguishes it? And if he shares a particular innovation with other deviant sects, is it more appropriate to say that he holds "that innovation" without attributing him to a specific sect, such as saying that he "declares Muslims disbelievers due to a sin" instead of saying that he is a Kharijite or a Muʿtazilite? And if it is proven that a Sunni scholar stated of a person that he belongs to a specific sect, and then it becomes clear that this is incorrect, would the scholar be mistaken or unjust? And are the conditions I mentioned correct, and if so, where can I find them in books of knowledge, and if not, what is the correct approach?
• Are the schools of thought, the People of the Sunnah, and the people of innovation and desires among those who divided their religion and thereby caused the Ummah to become divided?
• Is it obligatory for the truth to be with the Salaf as-Salih (the early or later generations) when the Islamic sects differ on a matter of creed?
• What is the way to get rid of obsessive thoughts, especially the obsession with disbelief and doubt in creed? And are the common folk among the people of innovation who revile Aisha and the Companions considered disbelievers?
• Why are not all of the Tabi'un and those who followed them considered upright (ʿudūl), even though goodness was mentioned in their regard just as it was mentioned in the regard of the Companions?
• Is it true what was transmitted from Ibn Taymiyyah that the Torah is authentic, and that what is in it concerning the corporealization of Allah is correct, and that Prophet Muhammad affirmed that?
• Is it advisable to read books from all sects and take from them what suits one's intellect, or to adhere to the books of Ahlus-Sunnah according to the understanding of the Salaf of the Ummah and distance oneself from the books of other sects?
• What is your opinion on the saying, "Salafism's Sufism and Sufism's Salafism"?
• Who was the first to say that Ahad (single-chain) narrations are not authoritative in matters of creed, and what is the easiest way to refute this belief?
• ما هو الفرق بين مذهب المجسمة ومذهب المشبهة؟
• Did Imam Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya die a violent death due to torture at the hands of deviant sects, and what is the story of his death?
• Is there any mention in the Prophetic Sunnah of the appellation "the one who knows Allah" (al-'arif billah) or "the scholar of Allah" (al-'alim billah)? And is it an innovation?