Is female genital mutilation permissible in Islam or not? And does a woman's practice of writing and reading and being educated affect her sexual desire?

We have previously discussed female circumcision, and the summary is that there is no disagreement regarding its permissibility; rather, the disagreement is concerning its obligation. The death of desire occurs if the organ is completely removed or excessive removal is performed. However, slight removal rectifies desire. The questioner's statement that Pharaoh was the one who instituted female circumcision is incorrect, as there are prophetic narrations that command it. The idea that an educated woman's desire is like that of a circumcised woman is the questioner's opinion, and reality is contrary to it.