What is the consequence for someone who doubts the duration of their wiping over socks for a traveler, and is it obligatory to re-perform the prayers, and how are the missed prayers to be made up in this situation?

There is nothing upon one who doubts an increase in the duration of wiping (masah), because the original principle is to disregard doubt. However, if the woman is certain that she exceeded the legal duration for wiping, then she must make up the prayers of the extra day. The makeup (qada') should be according to her situation (traveling or resident), and the makeup should be performed immediately.