What is the expiation for someone who intentionally broke their fast in Ramadan without (divine) will, and how many people must be fed, what is the amount of food for each person, and what amount of money must be given out?
Breaking the fast during Ramadan days without a valid excuse is a major sin that necessitates repentance and making up for the missed fast. If it was by sexual intercourse, then making up for the missed fast and expiation are obligatory (emancipating a slave; if one cannot find one, then fasting for two consecutive months; if one cannot do that, then feeding sixty poor people). As for one who breaks the fast involuntarily due to an excuse like illness or travel, they must make up for the missed fast and there is no sin upon them. And for one who breaks the fast by mistake, forgetfulness, or compulsion, their fast is valid and they do not have to make up for it, based on the Almighty's saying: "And there is no blame upon you for that in which you have erred, but [only for] what your hearts intended" and His saying: "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred," and the saying of the Prophet, peace be upon him: "Indeed, Allah has pardoned for my Ummah their mistakes, their forgetfulness, and what they are compelled to do." This is the view of the Hanbalis. The Hanafis and Malikis differed, holding that compulsion to break the fast invalidates the fast and necessitates making it up.
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