Is it permissible to carry an infant wearing a diaper during Umrah, with the possibility of him defecating?
The majority of scholars stipulate purity from minor and major ritual impurity (hadath) and from defilement (najāsa) for circumambulation (ṭawāf), contrary to the Hanafis who consider it an obligation (wājib) but not a condition (sharṭ). The majority of scholars cite the hadith, "Circumambulation of the House is prayer," while the Hanafis cite the unrestricted command to circumambulate in the Quran.
As for carrying an infant during circumambulation: 1. If one knows there is impurity in its diaper, the majority of scholars do not validate the circumambulation, whereas the Hanafis validate it, though with sin. Contemporary scholars (The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta', Ibn Baz, Ibn Uthaymeen) have permitted carrying the child even if it has impurity, provided the impurity does not transfer to the circumambulator or their ihram garment. 2. If the child is clean at the start of the circumambulation and it is possible for it to become impure during it, then it is permissible to carry it. If it becomes impure after the circumambulation, the majority of scholars validate the circumambulation due to the circumambulator's ignorance of the impurity. So, whoever wishes to circumambulate while carrying a child must ensure its purity before starting. If one knows of impurity and finds it difficult to remove, they may circumambulate by following those who have given concession.
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