Is a calamity or tribulation resulting from a person's decision and choice, whether wise or not, considered part of the divine decree (Qadaa' and Qadar) that Allah has ordained for the servant, so that one may say, "Indeed we belong to Allah, and indeed to Him we will return," and does it fall under the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "And know that what missed you was not to hit you, and what hit you was not to miss you"? Or is it rather due to the servant's action and ignorance, and thus not considered part of the divine decree, and therefore they are not entitled to say "Inna Lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un" or to use verses and hadiths about tribulation as evidence?
Everything that occurs in the universe is by Allah's divine decree (qada') and destiny (qadar), and causes are part of destiny. It is permissible to consider divine decree after calamities have befallen and to endure them with patience, even if the servant caused them through negligence. However, regarding sins and shortcomings, it is not permissible to invoke divine decree after they have occurred; rather, repentance from them is obligatory. Therefore, a person's acceptance of divine decree applies to calamities, not to shortcomings. Thus, the servant must repent from his sins and be patient in the face of his calamities.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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