Mistakes in Prayer

• What is the ruling regarding my previous prayers, and do I have to repeat them, given that I used to make mistakes in the Tashahhud by adding "lillahi ta'ala (for Allah Almighty)" after "at-tayyibat (good things)," and by emphasizing the "nun" in "an la ilaha illa Allah (that there is no god but Allah)"?
• What is the ruling on praying behind an Imam who does not recite Al-Fatihah well or makes mistakes in it, and what is the validity of the prayer if the worshiper behind him is unaware of this? And what is the ruling on prayer if the Imam's voice is not clear when he recites Al-Fatihah?
• Is one who misses Fajr prayer and wakes up after sunrise sinful, and what is its expiation?
• Is it permissible to pray in a mosque where the regular imam does not lead the prayers, leaving anyone to lead us, with some muezzins having Tajweed and grammatical errors, and is the prayer valid in it given the presence of other mosques in the area?
• Does the Fajr prayer become void if the Imam makes two mistakes in other than Al-Fatiha and the mistakes are not corrected?
• Do movements during the Tashahhud invalidate my prayer? Does the crossing of worshipers in front of me affect my prayer? Does the Imam bear responsibility for the mistakes of the worshiper in the final Tashahhud?
• Is the person who unintentionally collided with a woman considered to have wronged her, and would her prayer against him for failing his final exam be accepted, and what should he do?
• What is the ruling on praying behind an Imam who makes mistakes in reciting Al-Fatiha, insists on leading the prayer, and does not accept advice?
• Is it permissible to use the Holy Quran on a mobile phone to follow the Imam who makes many mistakes in vowelization (tashkeel) and words, omits verses, and prolongs the recitation, and what is the solution to this problem?
• What is the ruling regarding my feelings towards someone I loved before my marriage, and should I continue in my current marriage despite my psychological discomfort with him, and my desire for divorce to marry the one I love?
• Is it obligatory for me to teach worshippers who make mistakes in their prayers, and does this fall under the hadiths "Whoever among you sees an evil, let him change it with his hand" or "Whoever conceals knowledge will be bridled with a bridle of fire"?
• What are the conditions for enjoining good and forbidding evil pertaining to the evil being manifest, not discovered through spying; occurring in the present; and its prohibition not being a matter of legitimate scholarly disagreement? And how do these conditions apply to mistakes observed by a worshipper during their prayer?
• Is the Tarawih prayer valid if the sister leads it despite her numerous mistakes in reciting the the Qur’an, and her refusal to be led?
• Is the prayer of a father valid if he prays sitting in a chair, prostrates only once, and refuses to believe whoever reminds him that there is another prostration remaining, knowing that he is elderly and suffers from memory loss?
• How is prayer compensated for in the event of forgetfulness or error?
• What are the detailed opinions of scholars and madhhabs regarding the issue of omitting the shaddah in Al-Fatihah, and does that invalidate the prayer?
• Is a prayer valid behind an Imam who makes mistakes in Surah Al-Fatiha (such as saying: "sirat allatheen an'amta 'alayhim" instead of "alladheena," and changing the letter Dad to Zay in "al-Maghdoubi"), or who changes letters in his recitation after Al-Fatiha?
• What is the ruling regarding my grandmother's prayer, as she is over ninety and prays sitting, and forgets Surat Al-Fatiha and the number of rak'ahs? Is her prayer acceptable despite her many mistakes? And what can we do about that?
• Is it permissible to divorce in order to marry another woman to avoid the forbidden, or is patience for the sake of the children better? And is it permissible to perform Istikhara regarding divorce, and for more than one matter with a single Istikhara?
• What is the ruling on frequently correcting mistakes in the remembrance (dhikr) during prayer and in the recitation of Al-Fatiha—especially concerning the letter "Lām" in the word "Al-Ḍāllīn"—due to a heavy tongue? And is it obligatory to repeat the prayer or perform the prostration of forgetfulness (sujūd al-sahw) because of this? Does the ruling differ if the mistake is in the salutation (taslīm), such as replacing the letter "Mīm" in "ʿalaykum" with a "Bāʾ"?
• Is it permissible to pray behind an imam who raises his hands to recite Al-Fatihah after the prayer, frequently repeats the Qur’an (Al-Hizb al-Ratib) even though most of the reciters are not proficient in its rules or memorization, hurries in prayer and does not recite with tartil, and often makes mistakes in reciting the Qur’an?
• What should one do if they unintentionally laugh aloud due to the Imam's poor recitation during prayer, and do they need to do anything to atone for this sin?
• Is the prostration of forgetfulness (sujud al-sahw) obligatory upon the follower (ma'mum) if he makes a mistake in following the Imam in congregational prayer (such as standing or sitting in the wrong place), and should he join the prayer with the Imam during the final tashahhud and then make up what he missed, or should he discontinue his prayer if the Imam makes the taslim directly thereafter?
• Must prayers in which an obsessive person unintentionally interjects words be repeated, knowing that the words may exceed two letters and may be audible?