Is what the questioner did—making up the missed prayers during the postnatal bleeding period, which exceeded forty days and during which the bleeding continued—correct and sufficient, and is she required to perform ablution for every prayer, and to bathe and change her sanitary pad while the bleeding continues, especially when she is outside the home?

The maximum duration for postpartum bleeding (nifas) is forty days. Any bleeding beyond this period is considered istihadha (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding). A woman experiencing istihadha should refer to her previous menstrual cycle (aadah). If she does not have a previous cycle but can distinguish menstrual blood by its characteristics (color, smell, thickness, and accompanying pain), she should consider that as menstruation. If she has neither aadah nor distinguishing characteristics, she should consider herself menstruating for the غالب الحيض (most common duration of menstruation), which is six or seven days.

After performing ghusl (ritual bath) from menstruation, she must take precautions by securing a cloth or similar item. She should perform wudu (ablution) for each prayer after its time has begun and can pray as many obligatory and supererogatory prayers as she wishes with that wudu until the prayer time expires. She is not required to re-secure the cloth.

Regarding missed prayers: she may begin with the current prayer and then make up the missed ones, or she may begin with the missed prayers while ensuring the current prayer is offered within its time. The order among the missed prayers is not obligatory.