Are the father's actions towards his son, who feels injustice and humiliation, wrong, or is the son mistaken, and what is the solution to this dilemma?

The right of a father is immense and is not forfeited by his shortcomings. Allah has commanded kind companionship to parents who are polytheists, so how much more so for one who is a father. Our advice to you is to show filial piety to your father and treat him well in word and deed, and to know that whatever you do, you will never fully fulfill his right. Be respectful in addressing him, for showing filial piety to parents is among the causes of Allah's pleasure and entering Paradise. As for our advice to your father, it is that he should be just among his children in giving gifts so that resentment does not arise.