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The question

Is it Sunnah or Wajib to ask Allah and seek refuge in Him upon reciting verses of mercy and punishment, and what is its formulation, and is it specific to what is outside of prayer, or does it include it, and is there a difference between obligatory and supererogatory prayers?

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · imported Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

Scholars differed concerning the ruling on the supplication (du'a') recited in prostration after saying: "Subhana Rabbi al-A'la (Glory be to my Lord, the Most High)." The majority, including al-Nawawi, held it to be recommended (mustahabb) both inside and outside of prayer, whether obligatory (fard) or supererogatory (nafl). However, Abu Hanifa disliked it in prayer. Al-Albani mentioned that the Prophet's (peace be upon him) glorification (tasbih) was reported only in the night prayer, and that expanding upon it through analogy (qiyas) and personal opinion (ra'y) is incorrect. The Malikis differed from the majority, and the Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta' holds the view of abandoning this supplication in obligatory prayers due to its not being reported from the Prophet (peace be upon him).

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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
100888
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