Is it permissible to pray behind a Sufi who claims knowledge of the unseen and alleges that he prayed Asr in Mecca while he was present in the village, knowing that his mosque is the only one in the village?

It is not permissible to pray behind someone who claims to know the unseen, because claiming such knowledge is disbelief (kufr). Knowledge of the unseen is exclusive to Allah Almighty. He says: (Say: None in the heavens and earth knows the unseen except Allah). And the claim of praying in Mecca while he is present with you is an act of Satan, as stated by Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah. Therefore, look for another mosque to pray in.