Is what I did correct with regard to staying overnight and stoning the Jamarat, and performing the Farewell Tawaf on my own behalf, and sacrificing on behalf of my wife due to her legitimate excuse and her not performing Tawaf?

You could have hastened, but you would have needed to depart before sunset on the twelfth day. Since you stayed overnight and left the stoning due to the excuse of fearing to miss the plane, there is no sin upon you, Allah willing, for leaving the stoning. However, each of you owes a sacrifice (dam) for leaving the stoning of that day. You did well by sacrificing a sheep for each of you.

As for your wife, there is nothing upon her for leaving the Farewell Tawaf, because menstruation exempts her from the Farewell Tawaf. A menstruating woman is not required to perform the Farewell Tawaf.