What is the ruling on praying during the brown discharge that continues for days after childbirth, IUD insertion, and breastfeeding, which is then followed by normal blood, given that the exact days of the menstrual cycle are unknown?

The fatwa (religious edict) states that brown discharge (al-kudrah) during the menstrual period is considered menses, but not if it occurs before it. Blood is considered menses whenever it is seen and can possibly be menses. Upon the cessation of blood, or yellowish (as-sufrah) or brownish (al-kudrah) discharge that is ruled as menses, ghusl (ritual bathing) and prayer become obligatory. If the bleeding returns, the woman becomes menopausal again, as long as it occurs within a timeframe suitable for menses (the total number of days does not exceed 15 days).