Is expiation obligatory for one who caused the miscarriage of his mother's fetus—knowing that this was not intended to cause harm—and is he required to fast for two consecutive months by sight or for 60 days, and is the mother sinful for not consulting a doctor after the incident?

Causing an abortion necessitates a guarantee (daman). The jurists (fuqaha') have mentioned numerous scenarios for this, such as: striking, frightening, smelling a scent, drinking medicine, withholding food, or exposure to harmful cooking fumes. The guarantee is incumbent upon the one who caused it. If the one who caused it is a minor, then the guarantee is on the one who commanded it. The blood money (diyah) for the fetus is obligatory, which is a ghurrah (a male or female slave), and its value is one-tenth of the mother's blood money. This is incumbent upon the one who caused it or his aqilah (male relatives on the father's side). Furthermore, expiation for killing is obligatory, which is freeing a slave or fasting for two consecutive months.