Is it possible for someone who feels outcast and hated by God due to the abundance of their supplications and the lack of their answered prayers, and who is heartbroken and distracted to the point of abandoning prayer, to find a way back, despite having recited the Mu'awwidhat (chapters of refuge) and sought refuge from Satan?

This feeling is a delusion from Satan, because it led to abandoning prayer, which is the greatest pillar of Islam after the two Shahadas. There is no kinship between Allah and His servants; rather, the closest among them to Him are the most pious. Allah draws near to the servant to the extent that the servant draws near to Him. Abandoning prayer increases worry and grief, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to turn to it when sorrowful. Despair and hopelessness regarding Allah's mercy and abandoning supplication are grave errors.