Is it permissible to mention the faults of incompetent and negligent doctors to fellow students and assistant doctors, with the aim of informing them of their true nature and warning them against them, in the absence of a higher authority to complain to?

A teacher who is negligent in their work, does not explain well, wrongs students, and uses their authority for personal gain, is considered a transgressor (fasiq), and backbiting them is permissible without dispute among scholars. Backbiting someone who openly commits transgression is not considered blameworthy. However, the backbiting must be limited to their transgression only, without exceeding to mockery or foul language, and it should not go beyond the bounds of moderation and necessity to avoid excessive gossip.

However, if the teacher's negligence is unintentional or occurs intermittently, then they should be advised, and backbiting them is not permissible unless there is a significant benefit, such as advising a student who wishes to rely solely on their lessons. If there is no benefit, then it is obligatory to guard one's tongue. Backbiting is permissible for advice or to achieve a preponderant legitimate benefit, while ensuring a good intention.