Are murabaha transactions in bank loans considered usury, and if so, what types of murabaha are permissible?

A loan (qard) is giving money to someone to benefit from it, for the purpose of helping them, and it is not permissible for it to be a means of profit. As for murabaha (cost-plus sale), it is a contract of exchange (mu'awadah) whose purpose is profit, and it is permissible if it adheres to Shariah guidelines and is not a trick to disguise usury (riba). It should not be called a loan.