Who are the Ashab al-Furuḍ (Qur'anic heirs) and what is the husband's share if his wife dies and leaves him with four sons and four daughters, and she has no mother or father?

The husband inherits a quarter of his deceased wife's estate if she has a lineal descendant, based on the Almighty's saying: "But if they have a child, then for you is a fourth of what they leave, after any bequest they [may have] made or debt." There are specific fixed shares in inheritance: half for five categories, a quarter for two categories, an eighth for one category, two-thirds for four categories, a third for two categories, and a sixth for seven categories. Each heir inherits their fixed share under specific conditions by which their portion may change or their inheritance may be forfeited.