Does the father bear the sin for debts he incurred before his death due to another person's deception, which he was unable to repay, and from which some people suffered harm?

It is not clear what is meant by involving your father in debts. If your father did not borrow money, then there is nothing against him, and the sin is upon whoever made that claim. If he did borrow money, then his obligation is not cleared except by paying off the debt or by its owners absolving him. If he left an inheritance, his debt must be paid from it before distribution. If he did not leave an inheritance, then you are not obligated to pay the debt from your own money unless you volunteer to do so. If you volunteer to pay the debt, then his obligation is cleared; otherwise, the debt remains his responsibility unless the creditors forgive it.