What are the main jurisprudential books that a mujtahid (independent jurist) cannot do without in each of the four schools of thought, along with mentioning the books authored by the Imam of the madhhab?
There are numerous jurisprudential works (fiqhi compilations), some of which specialize in a particular (school of thought), while others gather the sayings of scholars and their proofs.
The most famous books of the four madhahib are: 1. Hanafi: "Radd al-Muhtar ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar" by Ibn Abidin, "Bada'i' al-Sana'i' fi Tartib al-Shara'i'" by al-Kasani, and "Fath al-Qadir" by Ibn al-Humam. 2. Maliki: "Al-Mudawwana" by Sahnun, "Mukhtasar Khalil" and its commentaries such as "Al-Sharh al-Kabir" by al-Dardir, "Al-Taj wa al-Iklil" by al-Mawwaq, and "Mawahib al-Jalil" by al-Hattab. 3. Shafi'i: "Al-Umm" by al-Shafi'i, and "Minhaj al-Talibin" by al-Nawawi and its commentaries such as "Nihayat al-Muhtaj" by al-Ramli, and "Tuhfat al-Muhtaj" by Ibn Hajar al-Haytami. 4. Hanbali: "Al-Insaf" by al-Mardawi, "Al-Furu'" by Ibn Muflih, and "Kashshaf al-Qina' 'an Matn al-Iqna'" by al-Buhuti.
There may also be specialized works that clarify the terminology and books of each madhhab, such as "Al-Madkhal" by Bakr Abu Zayd for the Hanbalis, and "Al-Fawa'id al-Makkiyya" by al-Saqqaf for the Shafi'is.
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