What is the ruling on my fast after feeling something in my throat, trying to bring it to my mouth, and then swallowing it without knowing what it was?

What you felt in your mouth, if you swallowed it forgetfully or out of ignorance, then your fast is valid. However, if you swallowed it intentionally, despite being able to spit it out and ascertain its presence, then your fast is broken and you must make up for it. Everything that reaches the stomach of a fasting person, whether edible or not, invalidates the fast. So if he snorted dust, or swallowed a pebble, or a dirham, or a dinar, his fast is broken. Thus, everything that reaches the stomach that is not edible also invalidates the fast.