What is the ruling on someone who entered a state of ihram for Umrah from Jeddah but was unable to enter the Haram due to its closure, so he returned to his home? Is expiation (kaffarah) or a sacrificial animal (hady) required of him?

As long as you have entered into the state of ihram (definition) and have not performed Umrah (definition), you are still in your state of ihram. You must avoid the prohibitions of ihram until you return to Makkah and complete your Umrah. You cannot exit the state of ihram except by performing Umrah, as long as you are able to return. If you committed a prohibited act before exiting ihram, a fidyah (definition) (expiation) is required, because ihram does not end merely by rejecting it. The fatwa (definition) issued is that whoever commits a prohibited act of ihram out of ignorance of the ruling is not subject to fidyah, except for acts that involve damage, such as cutting hair or clipping nails. In such cases, it is more cautious to offer fidyah for each prohibited act, choosing one of the following: fasting for three days, or feeding six needy persons, or sacrificing a sheep.