Are these funds permissible for me, which were disbursed to me without work, or should I donate them to a charitable organization, knowing that I am unable to return them?

If the money belongs to the state, then you must know the criteria by which the money is deserved. If you meet the criteria, it is permissible for you to take it; otherwise, disburse it to those who meet the criteria, or for the needs of the work, and do not take anything from it for yourself. The official must safeguard the trust and disburse the money to its rightful recipient. Admonishing him is obligatory, based on the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or oppressed." However, if the official is giving from his own money, do not accept anything from him, for it falls under the prohibited gifts to workers, according to the hadith of Abu Humaid Al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him).