What is the ruling on prayer and fasting if blood and brown discharge, similar in color to menstruation, appeared on the 3rd of Ramadan, after she had purified herself from her previous menstrual period which ended on the 19th of the preceding month, and then her menstruation returned on the 15th of Ramadan, knowing that she uses contraception?

The blood that appeared on the 3rd of Ramadan is not menstruation (hayd); rather, it is irregular bleeding (istihadah) which does not prevent prayer or fasting, due to the insufficient passage of the minimum period of purity between it and the previous menstruation. As for the blood that appeared on the 15th of Ramadan, it is a new menstruation (hayd), for which prayer and fasting should be abandoned.