What is the ruling on a wife intentionally aborting her fetus in the first month of pregnancy without a valid Shar’i excuse, what is the expiation for that, and what is required of her?

The jurists differed on the ruling regarding abortion before the ensoulment. Some of them permitted it as long as the fetus had not yet been formed, while others held it to be absolutely impermissible. This latter view is the one chosen by the Council of the Senior Scholars, which permits it only for a legitimate Islamic interest or to avert harm within the first forty days. On both opinions, the wife's act of aborting without her husband's permission is forbidden, and she must repent.