What is the ruling on abandoning prayer and fasting when brownish discharge, without blood, appears, and are prayer and fasting obligatory in this situation?

Yellowish or brownish discharge is considered menstruation if a woman sees it during her regular period. However, if she sees it outside her regular period, it is considered istihada (non-menstrual bleeding). In all cases, she must make up for the days she did not fast. As for the prayers she missed due to istihada, the majority of scholars hold that she must make them up, and making them up is more precautionary.